NTSB

Probable Cause: A failure of the left fuel valve, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a total loss of engine power.

Probable Cause: The pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear before landing.

Probable Cause: The pilot’s failure to attain the proper touchdown point, and his delay in aborting the landing.

Probable Cause: The mechanic’s improper installation of the alternator wiring connections, which resulted in electrical arcing and thermal damage to the airplane.

Probable Cause: Water contamination of the fuel system which resulted in a total loss of engine power. Contributing was the pilot’s inadequate preflight.

Probable Cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the takeoff roll. Contributing to the outcome, was the pilot’s inability to control the engine following the loss of directional control due to the separation of a knob from the engine’s throttle control.

Probable Cause: The airplane’s loss of engine power due to carburetor ice that formed during a long descent, contributing to the outcome is the pilot’s delayed use of carburetor heat.

Probable Cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing, that resulted in a ground loop and a runway excursion. Contributing to the accident was the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action.